A GEANT4 Study of a Gamma-ray Collimation Array

 

• J A López
  Physics Department, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968 U.S.A.
• S S Romero González
  Physics Department, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968 U.S.A.
• O Hernández Rodríguez
  Physics Department, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968 U.S.A.
• J Holmes
  Physics Department, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85281 U.S.A.
• R Alarcón
  Physics Department, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85281 U.S.A.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15415/jnp.2020.72028

Keywords: Proton therapy, Collimators, Gamma rays, GEANT4

Abstract

Proton beam therapy uses high-energy protons to destroy cancer cells which are still uncertain about where in the body they hit. A possible way to answer this question is to detect the gamma rays produced during the irradiation and determine where in the body they are produced. This work investigates the use of collimators to determine where the proton interactions occur. GEANT4 is used to simulate the gamma production of a source interacting with a collimator. Each event simulates a number of gammas obtained as a function of the position along the detector. Repeating for different collimator configurations can thus help determine the best characteristics of a detector device.

References

K. A. Camphausen, R. C. Lawrence, (2009). “Principles of Radiation Therapy”. In R. Pazdur, L. D. Wagman, K. A. Camphausen, W. J. Hoskins, (eds.) Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach. 11th ed., Cmp. United Business Media. ISBN-13: 978-1891483622.

W. P. Levin, H. Kooy, J. S.Loeffler, T. F., DeLaney, Proton Beam Therapy, British Journal of Cancer 93, 849 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6602754

James Metz, (2006). “Differences Between Protons and X-rays”. Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania. http://www.oncolink.org/treatment/article.cfm?c=9&s=70&id=210. Accessed 4 February 2018.

W. D. Newhauser and R. Zhang, Phys. Med. Biol. 60, R155 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/60/8/R155

Basics physics of nuclear medicine/interaction of radiation with matter. From https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Physics_of_Nuclear_Medicine/ Interaction_of_Radiation_with_Matter. Accessed 15/9/2019

M. Chiari, Joint ICTP-IAEA Workshop on Nuclear Data for Analytical Applications. (2013) http://indico.ictp.it/event/a12218/session/23/contribution/14/material/0/0.pdf. Accessed 15 October 2019.

Geant4 official website. http://geant4.cern.ch/support/introductionToGeant4.shtml. Accessed 1 February 2018.

Fiber Optical Networking. http://www.fiber-opticalnetworking.com/getting-know-fiber-collimator.html. Accessed 9 February 2018.

J. T. Bushberg, J. A. Seibert, E. M. Leidholdt, and J. M. Boone, “The Essential Physics of Medical Imaging”, Second ed., Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006, p. 261. ISBN 9780781780575.

S. S. Romero Gonzalez, (2018). Geant4 study of a gamma-ray collimator for proton therapy. M.S. Thesis, University of Texas at El Paso. https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/dissertations/AAI10822888/. Accessed 10 September 2019. 

 

Issue

Vol 7 No 2 (2020): Special Issue

 

How to Cite

J A López; S S Romero González; O Hernández Rodríguez; J Holmes; R Alarcón. A GEANT4 Study of a Gamma-Ray Collimation Array. J. Nucl. Phy. Mat. Sci. Rad. A. 2020, 7, 217-221.

Radon Progeny Recoil Effect in Retrospective Indoor Glass Dosimetry

 

• C.D. Tibambre-Heredia
  Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
• H. Olaya-Dávila
  Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
• A.C. Sevilla
  Servicio Geológico Colombiano, Bogotá D.C, Colombia
• R. Samasundaram
  Dipartimento di Fisicaed Astronomiadell' Università di Padova, ViaMarzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
• J.A. Lopez
  Department of Physics, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, U.S.A.
• S.A. Martinez-Ovalle
  Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia.
• L. Sajo-Bohus
  Dipartimento di FisicaedAstronomiadell' Università di Padova, ViaMarzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy; UniversidadSimonBolivar, Nuclear Laboratory Caracas, 1080A Venezuela

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15415/jnp.2019.71004

Keywords: radon progeny, retrospective dosimetry, GEANT4, diffusion in glass

Abstract

Radon gas diffusion and progeny transport in air, are mechanisms to be considered in retrospective glass dosimetry. With the aim to contribute to the understanding of the Rn progeny recoil energy role in this dosimetry methodology, we carried out a simulation employing GEANT4 code. In that, we assumed the chemical compound of the glass that is used commonly in households.  Results are compared to experimentally measured ²¹⁰Bi concentration to show that the recoil energy helps the progenies incrustation, mainly for the ^218,214Po alpha emitters but do not influence bismuth-210 diffusion directly. A significant difference exists between our results and measured values; that is interpreted as due to atomic displacement by primary knock-on atoms. The SiO₂ molecule binding energy breaks and the following ion recombination, induce a structural modification between the atom by e.g. cavities formation in such a way that reduces significantly the radon progeny diffusion speed.

 

References

American Cancer Society, (2019). https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancer-causes/radiation-exposure/radon.html.

J. Ekman et al., Nucl. Inst. Met. Phy. R. B 249, 544 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2006.03.049

J. A. Mahaffey et al., Health Phys 64, 381, (1993). https://doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199304000-00005

J. Pálfalvi, I. Fehér and M. Lörinc, Rad. Meas. 25, 585 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1016/1350-4487(95)00189-l

R. Falk, H. Mellander, L. Nyblom and I. Östergren, Env. Int. 22 S1, 857 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-4120(96)00193-6

A.M. Sanchez, J. de la Torre Pérez and A.B. Sánchez Ruano, Appl. Rad. & Iso 126, 13 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.02.037

B. Roos, Ph.D. thesis, University of Lund, 2002.

R. S. Lively and E. P. Ney, Heath Phys 52, 411 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1097/00004032-198704000-00001

C. Samuelsson, Nature 334, 338 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1038/334338a0

M. C. Alavanja, J. H. Lubin, and R.C. Brownson, Ame. J. Pub. Hea. 89, 1042 (1999). https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.89.7.1042

F. Lagarde et al, Exposure Scien and Environ Epidem 12, 344 (2002).https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jea.7500236

P. F. Düffer, Glass Technical Document TD-106, PPG Glass technology, (2003).

A. Howard (2013). CERN’s collaborations,. http://www.apc.univ-paris7.fr/~franco/g4doxy/html/LBE_8icc-source.html

A. Fick, Poggendorffs Annalen 94, 59 (1855).

W. J. Choi et al., Scientific Reports 4, 1 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep05289

G. H. Kinchin and R.S. Pease, Rep. Prog. Phys. 18, 1 (1955). https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/18/1/301

Issue

Vol 7 No 1 (2019)

 

How to Cite

C.D. Tibambre-Heredia; H. Olaya-Dávila; A.C. Sevilla; R. Samasundaram; J.A. Lopez; S.A. Martinez-Ovalle; L. Sajo-Bohus. Radon Progeny Recoil Effect in Retrospective Indoor Glass Dosimetry. J. Nucl. Phy. Mat. Sci. Rad. A. 2020, 7, 35-41.